FYP II Week 14: Final Year Project

On 8 November 2012, it is the time to present my project.

Setup project and booth

In middle of presentation

My completed project

FYP II Week 13: Poster Preparation and Record Data

This is my poster that already approved by my supervisor:

FYP II Week 12: Combining Circuit and Mechanism

This week i combining all circuit with my mechanism. Picture below show the circuit i use in this project:

Motor drive circuit using transistor

Motor drive circuit usingL293d

Charger and controller circuit

Sensor circuit

Motor drive circuit using relay

FYP II Week 10 - 11: Project Mechanism

For this solar tracker mechanism i already design it and picture below is a sketch of my project mechanism from three angle top, side and front view :

design by autocad

Front view

Top view 

Side view

FYP II Week 8 - 10: LabVIEW Programming

LabVIEW block diagram

LabVIEW Front Panel

This LabVIEW programming use PID controller, PID controller is a proportional–integral–derivative controller (PID controller) is a generic control loop feedback mechanism (controller) widely used in industrial control systems – a PID is the most commonly used feedback controller. A PID controller calculates an "error" value as the difference between a measured process variable and a desired setpoint. The controller attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the process control inputs.

FYP II Week 7: New Motor Controller Circuit

new motor controller circuit

On week 4, i explain about LM293. LM293 is motor drive IC but it not compactible to my DAQ card because the current output from DAQ card is low. Because of that to make motor rotate 2 direction without  using IC is by using relay with a same concept. In this new motor drive circuit there have 3 supply. at left is supply to make motor rotate on clockwise and at the right one is for motor rotate on counter clockwise. supply at the middle is the main switch that to turn of the motor.

FYP II Week 6: Combination of Converter Circuit and Sensor Circuit

combined circuit (simulation)

combined circuit (constructed)

This simulation show the 2 circuit already combine, first circuit is 12V to 6V converter and another 1 is 3 sensor circuit.

3 condition of combined circuit

FYP II Week 6: Correction on Sensor Circuit

On week 2 and 3 I already come out with the sensor circuit by using LDR but on this week I found that, the circuit output is too low for my programming so I create a new circuit and it simpler from previous circuit. in this new circuit I using 3 sensor, 1 for set point and another 2 is for sun direction detector.

previous circuit

latest circuit

FYP II Week 5: Solar Charger Controller Circuit

A solar panel charges a storage battery. A control circuit monitors the battery's voltage. When the battery is fully charged, the circuit automatically turns on a power inverter and switches the appliance from running on grid power to running on the energy stored in the battery.

In the original circuit, a 555 timer IC was used to disconnect a battery from the solar panel when its voltage gets too high (to prevent it from over charging). In my design, the control circuit connects the battery to an inverter and an output circuit when the battery is fully charged.

FYP II Week 4: H Bridge (LM293)

Concept of H-bridge

An H bridge is an electronic circuit that enables a voltage to be applied across a load in either direction. These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications to allow DC motors to run forwards and backwards. H bridges are available as integrated circuit, or can be built from discrete component.

 

H-bridge by using transistor

FYP II Week 2 - 3: LDR circiut (sensor)

LDR circuit already construct on breadboard

  Sensor circuit diagram

 Simulation on bright condition

 Simulation on dark condition

FYP II Week 1: 12v or 9V to 6V Converter Circiut

12v or 9V to 6V Converter Circiut

 converter circuit diagram

Simulation of constructed converter circuit

This circuit is use to convert 12V from battery of solar panel to 6V. The voltage needed to be converted because of the requirement of Servo Motor and sensor circuit. In picture above it already constructed and it being tested by using simulation on Proteus software and the result show that this circuit will practically function well on real world.
component in this circuit is:-

• 330nF-1
• LM7806(with heat sink)-1
• 100nF-1

Week 12: Presentation for FYP1

esentation week. on this week we are needed to present about our Final Year Project

By Internet research and guideline of the RPS website, I have managed to complete this presentation slide on time. Before the presentation, many things that need to be in the focus, for example:

1. Introduction 
2. Problem Statement
3. Literature Review
4. Project objectives
5. Rational of Developing The Project
6. Block Diagram
7. Project Schedule
8. Projects budget
9. Conclusion
10. Reference

With help from the advisor and research from the internet, I managed to complete the presentation slide.
To see my completed presentation slide CLICK HERE

Week 10: Present Work

Present Work of Solar Energy

·         Solar Tracker System Based on a Digital Heuristic Controller on 2011 by D. Kang, E. A. Martínez. This project present paper proposes a detection, orientation and tracking method based on a Digital Heuristic Controller, which activates the tracking device with photovoltaic panels so as to optimize yield. There are several proposals aiming at the same target, nevertheless this work aims at building a prototype with rising movement (elevation) up to 90° and azimuth up to 180°, which enables this device to adjust to any location in the planet, no need to refer to information on solar position along the day. This would position the tracking device here presented as an elevation azimuthal portable device, which can also be built with a “sleeping” mode so as to protect the tracker from strong winds.

Week 9: Previous Work

Previous Work of Solar Energy

•  In 1747 in Paris Buffon tested to put together 168 mobile mirrors (20cm x 20xm). They were all mobile to better orientate the light.

•  In 1868 Augustin Mouchot invented concentrated solar captors and developped several tracking systems and he published "La Chaleur Solaire et les applications industrielles" which deals with the solar power and its industrial applications. 

•  "The time will come when Europe must stop her mills and factories for want of coal. Upper Egypt then, with her never-ceasing sun power, will invite the European manufacturer to move his machinery and erect his mills on the firm ground along the sides of the alluvial plain of the Nile, where sufficient power can be otbainted to enable him to run more spindles than a hundred Manchesters." -John Ericsson, Mechanic and Builder, July, 1887. 

•  In 1900 in Portugal Padre Himalaya designed Pireliosforo. Thousands of mirrors over a surface of 80m² reaching 3.500° Celcius have been presented at the Exposition of Saint-Louis in 1904.

Week 8: History

HISTORY OF SOLAR

        Ancient Greeks and Romans saw great benefit in what we now refer to as passive solar design—the use of architecture to make use of the sun’s capacity to light and heat indoor spaces. In 1861, Mouchout developed a steam engine powered entirely by the sun. But its high costs coupled with the falling price of English coal doomed his invention to become a footnote in energy history. Nevertheless, solar energy continued to intrigue and attract European scientists through the 19th century. Scientists developed large cone-shaped collectors that could boil ammonia to perform work like locomotion and refrigeration. France and England briefly hoped that solar energy could power their growing operations in the sunny colonies of Africa and East Asia. Solar power could boast few major gains through the first half of the 20th century, though interest in a solar-powered civilization never completely disappeared. In fact, Albert Einstein was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics for his research on the photoelectric effect—a phenomenon central to the generation of electricity through solar cells. In 1953, Bell Laboratories (now AT&T labs) scientists Gerald Pearson, Daryl Chapin and Calvin Fuller developed the first silicon solar cell capable of generating a measurable electric current. The New York Times reported the discovery as “the beginning of a new era, leading eventually to the realization of harnessing the almost limitless energy of the sun for the uses of civilization.”

Week 7: Block Diagram and Flow Chart

  Block Diagram Explanation

Solar radiance is the input and as the set point for this project. From the set point it sends error to the controller. The controller in this project is PID controller, to control the speed of the servo motor, PWM are needed to give a signal and control the speed of servo motor. Motion device or final control element here is servo motor. It received signal from controller and manipulated process of the solar panel direction by follow the direction of the sun and it minimize the angle of solar radiance. The output is the solar panel direction. LDR sensor will give a feedback to this system and the process will repeated until this project cannot detect the sun radiance.

Week 6: Problem Statement and Objective

Problem Statement 

1. The major problems today is energy exhausted. 
2. The installation of existed solar panel is in fixed installation typically is without a solar tracker.
3. Therefore the power generation cannot be maximize.

Objective

      The main objective of this project is to design, build and proof that the solar tracking system can maximize the power generation. The other objective related with this project is:

I. To develop a tracking system that constantly tracking the sun during daytime.
II. To develop a tracking system those maximize the solar radiance.
III. To develop a tracking system based on LDR and LabVIEW.
IV. To develop a tracking system that control and monitor the movement of solar panel based on the intensity of light

Week 5: INTRODUCTION

Solar energy is the energy that is obtained from the sun. This energy helps and supports all life and Earth. Heat and light from the sun, along with solar based resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectricity and biomass, account for most the available flow of renewable energy. Solar power is becoming popular, as a friendly environment renewable energy sources that produces no pollution, requires minimal maintenance and free energy from the sun. Solar energy has a wide variety of technologies and is flexible for different application. One types of solar energy is solar photovoltaic power. For example are the residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, and transportation sectors.

Photovoltaic’s (PV) is a method that to generate electrical power by converting solar radiation or solar energy into direct current electricity using semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic power generation employs solar panels comprising a number of cells containing a photovoltaic material. Materials that are used for photovoltaic’s include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper indium solenoid/sulfide.

         These solar photovoltaic systems are friendly to environment and can also be used to improve power quality and increase the reliability of the electric power system.

Week 4: Complete The Proposal

This week is the closing date to complete and send a proposal to the advisor.

By Internet research and guideline of the RPS website, I have managed to complete this proposal on time. Before submitting the proposal, many things that need to be in the focus, for example:

1. The betterment of the project 
2. Project objectives 
3. Projects budget
4. Work plan to complete the project 
5. Component in the project 

With help from the advisor and research from the internet, I managed to complete this proposal.
To see my completed proposal click here.

Week 3: Proposal of FYP (guideline)

Assalamualaikum & selamat sejahtera..

INTRODUCTION
The contents of this guideline shall support the aims, objectives and schemes as
specified in the FYP Manual and Syllabus. It also explains the marking criteria to
guide the award of mark for assessed work.

FORMAT
The project proposal should have the following format:

• Title Page
• Abstract
• Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Problem Statement
• Literature Review
• Methodology
• Objectives
• Benefits/ Contributions
• Work Plan
• Budget
• Conclusion
• References

Week 2: Planning The Look Of My Projects

I would like to share some information about my project will look like.

Week 2: Project and Title for FYP

This week task is to select projects and topics for the project has been selected.

Ideas for my project is:
1)Healthy checking machine
- this project is using IC(identification card) or MyCard as a medium to store the health data that has been check every month. using IC doctor can review the health level of patient for last months that patient check his health level, so doctor can conclude what patient need to do. this machine can check cholesterol level and diabetes level.

2) Power monitoring using LabView
- this project is for home used, it can monitor the power, voltage and current from supplier and its connect to DB(distribution board). this project is for user safety, this project will automatically switch off the mcb(Miniature Circuit Breaker) when it detect any of voltage and current leaking, and have a fault at a any point. this project also can switch on and off any plug, fan or any electrical device that connect to mcb.

Week 1:blog introduction

as an introduction for this blog:
Mohamad Amin Bin Jamaluddin
51210210303
bachelor in engineering of electrical
Sem1 FYP

This week, we needed to select a supervisor or advisor to supervise our FYP (final year project). I am almost a week around the campus to find a supervisor consist of BMI lecturer, and finally I found Madam Norlida at the electrical section. She is willing to be my supervisor to supervise progress of my FYP.

This week BMI also made ​​a briefing to students FYP and attendance is compulsory. On this briefing session, the RPS website has been introduced to the students and explained its use. All students who took FYP need to sign in to this website. There are new changes to this semester because of FYP students need to create a one blog special for FYP to replace the log book.